Why do my hands feel numb when i wake up

• Overview
• Possible Causes
• When to Call the Doctor

Overview

What is numbness in hands?

Numbness in the hands is an irregular feeling that can be the symptom of many different conditions. It is also called paresthesia.

Possible Causes

What are possible causes of numbness in hands?

Numbness in the hands can have many causes, which run from mild and temporary to serious medical conditions. The most common cause is damage or compression of the nerves in the hand.

Other causes of numbness in the hands include:

• Nerve damage in the hands, arm or neck
• A herniated disc that puts pressure on the spinal nerves
• Nerve pressure caused by tumors, infection, or enlarged blood vessels
• Shingles
• Herpes infection
• Carpal tunnel syndrome, a common condition in which pressure is placed on the nerves in the wrist. This often affects those who use their hands and wrists for work, such as typing.
• Hardening of the arteries causing a lack of blood to the area
• Poor circulation from diabetes
• Stroke
• Migraine headaches
• Underactive thyroid
• Raynaud’s syndrome, which causes artery spasms that reduce blood flow to the hands
• Animal or insect bites
• Certain medications
• Lack of vitamin B12
• Abnormal levels of calcium, potassium, or sodium
• Excessive alcohol use
• Vasculitis
• Lyme disease

When to Call the Doctor

When should you seek medical attention for numbness in hands?

If numbness in your hands persists for more than a short while, you should seek prompt medical attention. It could be a sign of a serious medical condition.

It is especially important to seek prompt attention if your symptoms are accompanied by any of the following:

• Numbness in other parts of your body
• Paralysis
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Slurred speech
• Loss of bowel and/or bladder control
• Rash

What will your physician to do determine the cause of your hand numbness?

Your healthcare provider will begin your examination by taking a medical history to determine the duration of your numbness and other possible symptoms.

He or she may then perform several tests to determine the cause, including:

• Blood count
• Thyroid function tests
• Tests for vitamin levels
• Toxicology reports
• Tests of your electrolyte levels

Several other tests may be done to rule out serious causes such as tumors and strokes. These include:

• CT scans of the head and spine
• MRI of the head and spine
• Ultrasound of neck vessels
• X-rays
• Angiogram to see insider the blood vessels for congestion
• Lumbar puncture to check for nervous system disorders
• Electromyography to check your nerve stimulation

Once your healthcare provider has determined the cause of your hand numbness, he or she will determine the best way to treat the underlying condition of this symptom.

Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information

enews

If your hands are numb when you wake up, you might have nerve damage.

Image Credit: seb_ra/iStock/GettyImages

At some point, we've all woken up from a deep sleep to discover a numb hand. Occasional numbness or pins and needles is normal. It usually occurs when you snooze in a strange position that cuts off circulation and causes your hand to "fall asleep."

But if you tend to feel tingling or numbness in your hand or fingers more frequently upon waking, you may be dealing with a larger issue.

We spoke to two neurologists to understand why you may lose sensation in your hand when sleeping and what you can do to tone down the tingling and numbness.

Warning

If you experience persistent hand numbness along with any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention right away, says Nitin Butala, MD, a neurologist in Jacksonville, Florida:

• Numbness that lasts into the day
• Numbness across the body, not just in your hands
• Muscle weakness
• Clumsiness in your hands or fingers
• Sudden weakness or dizziness
• Pain in the arms and legs that won’t go away
• Any other new neurological symptoms (vision changes, muscle twitches, gait instability, pain, etc.)

1. You Have Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Your numb, tingly fingers at night may be related to a condition called carpal tunnel syndrome.

"Numbness in the thumb and first finger (and frequently the middle finger) is commonly due to compression of the median nerve in the 'carpal tunnel,' a narrow passageway composed of ligaments and bones on the palmar side of the hand," says neurologist Eva Feldman, MD, PhD, director of the NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies at the University of Michigan.

This nerve compression occurs when something repeatedly squeezes, puts pressure on or irritates the median nerve, per the Mayo Clinic. Any repetitive movement that involves frequent flexing of the wrist (think: using a mouse or other handheld tools nine hours a day) can cause or contribute to problems in the carpal tunnel space.

"Numbness usually is accompanied by tingling, and, in extreme cases, weakness of the thumb and fingers," Dr. Feldman says.

​Fix it:​ While stretching your hands and wrists before bed and when you wake may help nix the numbness, you may need to see your doctor to manage carpal tunnel tingling.

"Treatment includes using neutral wrist splints to keep the wrist from bending, along with steroid injections and, if required, a surgery to release the nerve in the tunnel," Dr. Feldman says.

Tip

Most people with hand numbness usually experience symptoms in one hand to a much greater extent than the other hand, Dr. Feldman says.

2. You Have Another Compressed or Damaged Nerve

In addition to the median nerve, other nerves — when compressed or damaged — can lead to a lack of feeling in your hands and fingers too.

Indeed, the second most common cause of numbness in one hand is compression of the ulnar nerve (which runs from the elbow area to the fingers), Dr. Feldman says. This can happen if you put too much pressure on your elbow or your wrist while sleeping, according to the Sleep Foundation.

"In this case, numbness occurs in the little and ring fingers and sometimes the middle finger," Dr. Feldman says.

Though rarer, radial nerve damage can also trigger numbness. Your radial nerve — which extends from your upper arm to your forearm and wrist — can become compressed when you sleep in a position that places extreme pressure on your upper arm, Dr. Feldman says. Improper use of crutches can also constrict the radial nerve, she adds.

When the radial nerve is compressed or damaged, "a person can experience abnormal sensation on the back of the hand or in the thumb, and, in more severe cases, there is the loss of the ability to straighten your fingers or bend back your wrist," Dr. Feldman says.

​Fix it:​ Sometimes, simply training yourself to sleep in a different position — that doesn't put pressure or strain on your arm — can be enough to resolve the problem, according to the Sleep Foundation.

For instance, if your hands go numb while sleeping on your side, avoid lying directly on your arms and flexing the wrists, Dr. Butala says. Likewise, back sleepers should stop snoozing with their arms overhead. "Try keeping them next to you to reduce nerve pinching," he says.

But if adjusting your sleep posture doesn't do the trick, treatment may include supportive care with splinting at the wrist or elbow, Dr. Feldman says.

In more severe cases, a surgical intervention to release the nerve may be necessary, she adds.

3. You Have Cervical Spondylosis

Lack of feeling in your fingers may be a sign of cervical spondylosis, a condition characterized by the normal wear and tear of spinal disks in the neck that occurs with aging, according to the Mayo Clinic. Indeed, cervical spondylosis affects 85 percent of people older than 60.

While many people won't show symptoms, others will experience pain and stiffness in the neck as well as tingling, numbness and weakness in the arms, hands, legs or feet, per the Mayo Clinic. That's because cervical spondylosis can increase the pressure on your spinal cord and result in pinched nerves.

Other symptoms include lack of coordination, difficulty walking and loss of bladder or bowel control, according to the Mayo Clinic.

​Fix it:​ If you have any of these symptoms, see your doctor, who can help properly assess and diagnose you. Depending on the severity of your symptoms, your doctor may prescribe medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids or even anti-seizure medicines and antidepressants, which can help relieve pain and inflammation, per the Mayo Clinic.

In addition, physical therapy, where you'll learn exercises to stretch and strengthen the muscles in your neck and shoulders, can be helpful for managing cervical spondylosis.

But if numbness and tingling in your limbs persist, you may need surgery to make more space for your spinal cord and nerve roots, according to the Mayo Clinic.

4. You Have Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

A rare disorder called thoracic outlet syndrome could be the source of your numb hands at night. This condition occurs when the blood vessels or nerves that lie in the area between your first rib and your collarbone become compressed, Dr. Feldman says.

"Most cases of thoracic outlet syndrome are caused by whiplash or other neck trauma," Dr. Butala says. "Sometimes the disorder is caused by repetitive motions or, less commonly, by having an [anatomical defect such as an] extra rib," he adds.

There are several types of thoracic outlet syndrome, so symptoms can vary, depending on which nerves or blood vessels are compressed. In addition to numbness or tingling in your fingers, some signs may include (among others), per the Mayo Clinic.

• Pain or aches in your neck, shoulder or hand
• Weakening grip
• Discoloration or lack of color in your fingers or your hand
• Arm pain and swelling
• Weak or no pulse in the affected arm
• Cold fingers, hands or arms
• Arm fatigue with activity
• Weakness of arm or neck
• Throbbing lump near your collarbone

​Fix it:​ Always consult a doctor about these symptoms, Dr. Feldman says. Your doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs, pain medications or muscle relaxants to reduce pain and inflammation.

Physical therapy can also be an effective treatment. Performing exercises that strengthen and stretch your shoulder muscles can help open the thoracic outlet, and, as a result, reduce the pressure on your blood vessels and nerves, according to the Mayo Clinic.

5. You Have Another Underlying Health Condition

Numb hands while sleeping can also be a side effect of another more serious chronic health issue.

For instance, people with diabetes, either type 1 or type 2, are more susceptible to compression neuropathies, Dr. Feldman says. That's because certain diseases like diabetes boost your risk of nerve damage, including injury to your median nerve, according to the Mayo Clinic.

Similarly, chronic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can inflame tissues, such as the lining around the tendons in your wrist, which places pressure on your median nerve, causing carpal tunnel syndrome, per the Mayo Clinic.

​Fix it:​ Again, talk to your doctor, who can help identify any underlying issues that may be causing your hand numbness. Often, by treating the root cause, you can get rid of (or reduce) the numbness and tingling in your digits.