The tongue is composed of a series of muscles and enables your body to carry out vital processes, like breathing and swallowing. It’s covered in small bumps, known as papillae. They contain your taste buds and give your tongue its rough texture. Show Any problems that we develop on our tongues can be hard to ignore. Some common tongue problems include:
Why is my tongue white?Sometimes, the papillae on your tongue can become enlarged and swollen. Swelling of the papillae makes it easier for bacteria, dead cells and debris to get lodged between them, forming a white coating on the tongue’s surface. Causes of swollen papillae include:
Tongue discolouration or white patches on the tongue can be caused by a health condition. Conditions that can cause a white tongue include:
What to doTo treat a white tongue at home, try to:
When to worrySee your doctor or dentist if you:
Why is my tongue black?A black tongue is not a cause for concern most of the time. It is usually caused by a build-up of dead skin cells. These accumulate on the tips of the tongue’s papillae, creating the appearance of a hairy texture. The papillae can at the same time become stained a blackish colour by bacteria or certain substances. There are some possible factors that may affect how well a tongue is able to shed dead skin cells, including:
Some things which may result in the black discolouration of the tongue are:
What to doYou should be able to treat a black, hairy tongue at home by making a few simple changes to your dental hygiene practices, such as:
When to worryVisit your doctor if your black tongue persists for more than one or two weeks. InfoAlways speak to your doctor before discontinuing a medication, even if you think it may be the cause of a black tongue. Why is my tongue sore?A sore tongue is most commonly caused by injury or trauma. For example, you may have burned or bitten your tongue. Though you may experience discomfort ranging from mild irritation to pain, a sore tongue is rarely a cause for concern, recovers fairly quickly, and can be managed at home. In some cases, a sore tongue may be a sign of an underlying health condition, particularly if white patches are also appearing on its surface. In this circumstance, you should see a doctor so they can help you treat any underlying illnesses. What to doTo help treat a sore tongue at home, you can:
When to worryVisit your doctor if you are ever worried about tongue pain, or if:
Why are there sores and/or bumps on my tongue?Tongue bumps are usually not a cause for concern and are usually the result of an injury like a bite or a burn. Other potential causes of tongue injury include:
If you have a gap between your teeth, a bump may form where your tongue fills the space. Small bumps that appear on both sides of the tongue are usually nothing to worry about. However, if a bump appears on only one side of your tongue, you should make an appointment with a doctor to have it examined. What to doSome causes of tongue bumps, such as irritation or injury will clear up on their own. Bumps caused by an underlying condition, however, will likely need treatment from a doctor. Bacterial infections, for example, will need to be treated with antibiotics. See your doctor if you are ever worried about a tongue bump or if you have developed a tongue bump and have not damaged your mouth recently. While your tongue is healing, there are steps you can take to manage your symptoms (regardless of the cause). You can try to:
When to worrySeek emergency medical attention if you experience the symptoms of alongside tongue bumps, like a very swollen tongue or breathing difficulties. Also see a doctor immediately if you are feverish or in severe pain. Make an appointment with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after a week, if they get worse, or if your bumps keep recurring. You should also make an appointment with your doctor or dentist if you experience patches in your mouth that are red or white in colour, or sores or lumps, especially if they feel hard. How do I get rid of the pain on the side of my tongue?Ice, ice pops, and cold water. Ice has numbing qualities, so drinking ice-cold water or sucking on an ice cube or ice pop can help relieve some tongue soreness, including soreness caused by dry mouth, or a burning mouth.
Why does the side of my tongue feel inflamed?The causes of a swollen tongue can include allergies, infections, trauma, GERD, drug reactions, autoimmune diseases, or rare disorders. While it's less common, tongue cancer can also cause a swollen tongue. If you have a swollen tongue that isn't very bad, make an appointment to see your provider.
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